Lesson 10.3 Causes and Effects of Migration in Nepal || Class 9 Social Notes

Causes and Effects of Migration

A. Give a very brief answer:

1. What is migration?
→ The process of moving from one place to another place for permanent residence is called migration.

2. What is internal migration?
= The process of people moving from one place to another for permanent residence within a certain country is called internal migration.

3. What is the main reason for migrating from hilly areas to Terai in Nepal?
→ In Nepal, the main reason for migrating from the hilly areas to the Terai is that education, health, and transportation are better in the Terai than the hilly areas.

B. Give short answers.
1. What are migration pullers and holders?
→ The characteristics of any place that attract people to migrate from one place to another are called pull factors. Like. Employment means high standard of living, education and health facilities, etc.
→ Due to lack of various facilities and other problems people migrate from their place of birth or place of residence to another place, it is called push factor, eg) poverty, insecurity, natural calamities etc.

2. What are the reasons for migration to Nepal?
→ * Lack of infrastructure
- This causes people to migrate from one card to another for the purpose of availing the facility. Similarly, the trend of going abroad for higher education is also increasing.
* Lack of employment
→ Sufficient employment opportunities are not available for the manpower produced in Nepal. Therefore, people migrate from one place to another in the country for employment, or do they migrate abroad?
* Traditional farming system
→ It has not been modernized and modernized even in areas where there is a possibility of agricultural development. As agriculture is the means of income and livelihood, people migrate in search of alternative economic activities.
* Geographical difficulty
→ People migrate from one place to another due to geographical reasons, bad environment, remoteness and possibility of other natural disasters.

3. What are the effects of migration on the place of origin?
= 1. Easier to manage reduced population,
2. Conservation of natural resources,
3. employment and income growth,
4. regional imbalances,
5. Uneven population distribution,
6. Being at risk of cultural issues,

4. Mention the effects of migration on the destination.
→1. Growth of active population
2. Use of resources and means
3. Social diversity
4. Pollution
5. Disturbance of peace and security
6. Difficulty in providing services